Igitabo cy’Ubuhanga
I. UBUHANGA MU MIBEREHO YA MUNTU
Igitabo cy’Ubuhanga cyanditswe mu kigereki ahagana mu mwaka wa 50 mb. K., cyandikirwa i Alegisandiriya ho mu Misiri. Uwo mugi wari utuwe n’Abayahudi benshi bari baratoye umuco w’Abagereki bakanavuga ururimi rwabo, uretse ko bakomezaga kuyoboka Uhoraho, Imana y’abasekuruza babo. Nuko icyo gitabo cy’Ubuhanga kimaze kuboneka gihita kimenyekana, Abayahudi bose bavuga ikigereki baracyemera, banagishyira mu mubare w’ibitabo bitagatifu. Muri Palestina ho, si ko byagenze; baragishimaga ariko ntibagishyire mu rwego rw’Ibitabo bitagatifu, kuko kitari cyanditswe mu gihebureyi. Abakristu ba mbere bakurikije Abayahudi bavuga ikigereki bemera icyo gitabo, kandi natwe abagatolika ni ko tukibigenza; ntidushidikanya rero ko icyo gitabo cy’Ubuhanga cyahumekewemo n’Imana, kimwe n’ibindi Bitabo bitagatifu byose.
1. Uko iki gitabo giteye
Kigizwe n’ibi bice bikurikira:
1. Ubuhanga n’amaherezo y’umuntu (1–5) — Muri iyo mitwe, umwanditsi agaragaza imibereho y’umunyabuhanga w’intungane ushakashaka Imana, agahunga icyaha, akayigereranya n’iy’abagome bahihibikanira kuronka ibintu by’isi. Nyuma y’urupfu ariko, intungane ni ho izahabwa igihembo cyayo, kabone n’aho yaba yaratotejwe cyangwa ikabaho igihe gito. Amaherezo y’intungane ni ugukuzwa, naho abagome bazarimbuka.
2. Uko Salomoni yageze ku buhanga (6–9) — Umwanditsi yigaragaza muri byose nk’aho yabaye Salomoni ubwe, uretse gusa ko atiyita izina rye (9,7—8,12). Ntatinya rero guhugura abami b’isi, ndetse na rubanda bose. Nuko akabacengezamo ko icy’ingenzi mu mibereho y’umuntu ari uguharanira ubuhanga, ashyizeho imbaraga ze zose. Koko kandi, Ubuhanga ntibubura kwigaragariza ababukunda, bukanababera icyezezi cy’urumuri ruhoraho, ari rwo Imana ubwayo (7,26). Umuntu wese watangiye kubushakashaka no kubusaba, aba yatangiye no kubutunga.
3. Ubuhanga mu mateka y’abantu (10–19) — Iki gice cya nyuma kirarata ibigwi by’Ubuhanga bw’Imana mu mateka y’abantu n’ay’umuryango wayo, mbese kuva kuri Adamu kugeza kuri Musa, ariko cyane cyane igihe bimukaga mu Misiri. Umwanditsi atangira yibutsa ku buryo burambuye ibitangaza Imana yakoreye Umuryango wayo, kimwe na bya byago byagwiririye Abanyamisiri, bikagenda birushaho gukara, uko na bo babaga banangiye umutima wabo. Mu mutwe wa 12, baravuga ukuntu Imana yahannye n’Abakanahani, ariko ntiyihanukire, igira ngo babone uko bicuza ibibi bakoraga. Imitwe ya 13–14 yo, iramagana ikomeje abasenga ibigirwamana bose, hamwe n’ubugoryi bwabo. Naho mu mitwe 16–19, bongera kuzirikana ibyabaye igihe Abayisraheli bimukaga mu Misiri.
2. Inyigisho z’ingenzi zikirimo
Umwanditsi w’iki gitabo cy’Ubuhanga na we ubwe ni umunyabuhanga, ushishikariza abavandimwe be kudahemukira Imana yigaragarije abakurambere babo. Atewe inkeke n’uko benewabo bakohokera ibigirwamana, cyangwa bagatwarwa n’amaraha yo mu mugi mugari, nka Alegisandiriya. Ubuhanga bwonyine ni bwo bukwiye gukurikiranwa; kandi ab’inyangamugayo ni bwo bazakesha igihembo. Nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, umwanditsi arahamya yeruye ko nyuma y’urupfu, bamwe bazahembwa, abandi bagahanwa. Roho z’intungane zizibanira n’Imana, naho ku byerekeye izuka ry’imibiri nta cyo abyeruraho. Kuri we, ahari birashoboka ko abantu bazazukana umubiri wahindutse mushya, utakirangwaho icyitwa ubushanguke cyose. Kuri iyi ngingo rero, tukaba turi bugufi cyane y’inyigisho za Yezu Kristu.