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Igitabo cya Yudita

IJAMBO RY’IBANZE

Igitabo cya Yudita (mbese kimwe n’icya Esitera) kidutekerereza ukuntu Abayahudi bagobotowe mu makuba akomeye barimo, babikesheje umugore witwa Yudita.

1. Ibiri muri iki gitabo n’imiterere yacyo

Umuntu yavuga ko iki gitabo gifite ibice bibiri bijya kungana:

IGICE CYA MBERE (1–7) cyerekana ukuntu icyago cyaje n’uko cyakomeje kwiyongera. Nebukadinetsari, wa mwami w’igihangange, yahuruje abantu bose bo mu bihugu yategekaga, kuva muri Mezopotamiya kugeza mu Misiri, abasaba ngo bamufashe kurwanya Arufagisadi, umwami w’Abamedi. Abenshi muri bo, barimo n’Abayahudi, banga kumutabara (1,1–12). Aho amariye gutsinda, Nebukadinetsari yiyemeza guhana bikomeye ibyo byigomeke byanze kumva itegeko ry’umwami. Ni bwo yoherejeyo Oloferinesi, umugaba w’ingabo ze; ahageze bose bahita bamwunamira (2,1—3,10).

Abayahudi bo bitegura kurwana kugeza ku ndunduro, babigirira kurengera idini ryabo. Koko rero, Oloferinesi yari yahawe n’umwami itegeko ryo gusesa andi madini yose, kugira ngo mu bihugu byose bajye basenga umwami Nebukadinetsari wenyine. None se, Abayahudi bari kwemera bate kureka gusenga Uhoraho, ngo Ingoro ye ihinduke itongo (3,8; 6,1–4)?

Ni bwo Oloferinesi yiyemeje gutera Yuda abanje kunyura muri Betuliya, umugi muto wari wubatswe kuri imwe mu nzira zigana mu misozi (reba ku ikarita ya 4). Nuko barawugota impande zose, abaturage baho babura amazi, ku buryo bari bamaze kwiheba (7).

IGICE CYA KABIRI (8–10) gitangira kitubwira imyifatire y’umugore witwa Yudita. Yapfakaye akiri muto, ariko akitonda akanakunda gusenga kandi ntahemuke ku mategeko, mbese yari umuntu uzi gushishoza bihagije, akaba n’intwari (reba 8,1–10).

Yudita arabanza kumvisha neza abakuru b’umugi ko bagomba gukomera, bakarwanya umwanzi kugeza ku ndunduro kandi bakiringira Uhoraho (8,11–27). Hanyuma atuma batangara, abamenyesheje ko afite umugambi yiyemeje kugeraho, ariko akaba adashaka kuwubahishurira, nyamara wari ugamije kurokora igihugu cye. Mbese azashobora ate kugera ku ntego ye? Ngibyo ibyo iki gitabo kigiye kudutekerereza ku buryo bunoze, mu mutwe wa 9 kugeza ku wa 15. Basoza bavuga ishema Yudita yatahanye (15,8–10) n’uburyo Abayisraheli bagiye i Yeruzalemu bakereye gushimira Imana (15,13—16,20).

2. Dusobanukirwe n’ibiri muri iki gitabo

Igitabo cya Yudita ntikigamije kuturondorera inkuru y’ibyabayeho koko, ndetse iyo umuntu agisoma atangazwa n’uko uwacyanditse atari azi neza imigi n’igihugu akivugamo. Biragaragara neza kandi ko uwo muntu yabayeho hashize igihe kirekire umwami Nebukadinetsari atakiriho (reba 1,1 n’igisob). Ubundi kandi, amagambo menshi akivugwamo, kimwe n’amasengesho n’indirimbo bikirimo, biragaragaza neza icyo kigamije: gukomeza no guhumuriza abantu. Haba mu byago cyangwa se mu bitotezo, ntihakagire uwitandukanya n’Imana, kuko yo ari indahemuka, ikaba itabura gukiza abayo, igihe cyose n’aho bari hose.

Inyigisho nk’izo zari zifite akamaro kanini rwose, mu gihe abami b’i Antiyokiya bari batangiye guhatira abatuye ibihugu byose bategekaga kureka amadini yabo bwite, ngo bayoboke idini n’umuco by’Abagereki.

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