Umuhanuzi Amosi
IJAMBO RY’IBANZE
1. Umuhanuzi n’inyigisho ze
Amosi yiyororeraga amatungo, atuye mu mudugudu muto witwa Tekowa, uri mu birometero nka 20 mu majyepfo ya Yeruzalemu, ahagana ku butayu bwa Yuda (1,1). Ntiyigeze aba mu matorero y’abahanuzi, ahubwo Uhoraho yamukuye mu matungo ye, amwohereza guhanura muri Israheli (7,14). Amosi ahita yumvira. Ajya gutangariza ubutumwa bw’Imana i Beteli, hahandi hari ingoro bareshyeshyaga n’iy’i Yeruzalemu, yabagamo ya nyana ya zahabu (7,10–17). Ajya kandi no muri Samariya, umurwa mukuru ukungahaye (3,9; 4,1; 6,1). Ntibyatinze ariko bahise bamwirukana muri Israheli, yigarukira mu mirimo ye ya mbere.
Amosi yigishije mu gihe cya Oziya, umwami wa Yuda (781–740), ari na bwo Yerobowamu II yategekaga Israheli (783–743). Amosi yabanjirije Hozeya ho imyaka nk’icumi. Cyari igihe cy’ubukungu n’uburumbuke muri Israheli. Byagaragariraga mu mazu meza yubakwaga, n’ibikoresho byose byabazwaga mu biti by’akataraboneka, kandi bakabitakaho imirimbo yabajwe mu mahembe y’inzovu. Ab’abakire biberaga mu birori, bakirirwa bagaramye mu ntebe nziza no mu mariri anepa, bacurangirwa ibyuma biririmba. Nta n’umwe wari ufite inkeke y’akazaza ejo; ahubwo bari bizigiye ko Uhoraho azakomeza kubadabagiza kugeza ku «Munsi w’Uhoraho» (5,18). Nta wari witaye ku butindahare bwa rubanda rugufi baterwaga n’ubwikanyize bw’abakire. Ibintu byarazambye, umwiryane ni wose, iyobokamana risigaye mu magambo, naho umutima wo uri kure (5,21–22). Nguko uko ibintu byari bimeze ! Nyamara ariko icyago cyari kibubikiye! Abanyashuru batangiye kwigarurira ibihugu bibakikije, ndetse Israheli ni yo yari itahiwe !
Amosi yaduka muri icyo gihe, aza atangaza ubuhangange bw’Uhoraho, ububasha bwe, n’ubutabera afitiye amahanga yose (1–2), ariko kandi akanavuga ukuntu yitoreye Israheli ho umwihariko. Amosi yibutsa bose amabwiriza ari mu Mategeko, cyane cyane ayerekeye iyobokamana nyaryo, n’ayerekeye kubahiriza abakene n’abazigirizwa. Amosi ntabembereza abakire, abakomeye, abacamanza, n’abaherezabitambo, ahubwo abacyahira ukuntu bacishije ukubiri n’ubutumwa bahawe. Ubutore bwa Israheli bwagombaga kuyigeza ku bupfura bukomeye bw’umutima (3,2); none bigiye kuba ngombwa ko Uhoraho ayihana yihanukiriye. Ni yo mpamvu «Umunsi w’Uhoraho» utazayibera urumuri, ahubwo uzayibera umwijima (5,18). Bubaye ubwa nyuma rero Israheli iburirwa: nitikosora bwangu, Imana izayicira urubanza rukaze (2,4–8; 2,13–16).
Cyakora Amosi ntiyahanuye ibihano gusa, kenshi yakunze kuvuga ko umuryango utazasenyuka burundu (3,12; 5,1–3), ko ahubwo hazarokoka «agasigisigi» ko mu nzu ya Yozefu (Israheli), maze ako gasigisigi k’indahemuka Uhoraho akazagakomerezaho umuryango we. Nuko Amosi, kimwe n’abandi bahanuzi bamukurikiye, ntibashidikanya guhanurira ako gasigisigi k’indahemuka, ko Imana izabahunda ibyiza mu gihe kiri imbere.
2. Uko igitabo giteye
Dore ibice bitatu tugisangamo:
1. Urubanza ruzacirwa ibihugu bikikije Israheli, na yo ubwayo (1,3—2,16). Ni impanuro ndwi zireba amahanga yose akikije Israheli (1,3—2,5), nyuma zigaherukwa n’ireba Israheli ubwayo, ndetse iyo mpanuro ni yo ikaze kuzirusha (2,6–16). Niba ayo mahanga yose agomba guhanirwa ibicumuro byayo, hazacura iki kuri Israheli !
2. Israheli iburirwa kubera ubuhemu bwayo (3,1—6,16). — Muri icyo gice Amosi atonganya Israheli, n’umurwa wayo Samariya hamwe n’abaturage bose, cyane cyane kubera uburyamirane muri rubanda, akongera kubaburira ko bazahanwa.
3. Amabonekerwa. — Icyo gice cyane cyane gikubiyemo amabonekerwa atanu, Imana imenyesherezamo Amosi ko Samariya igiye gusenywa. Kirimo kandi n’inkuru y’ukutumvikana kwa Amosi na Amasiya, umuherezabitambo w’i Beteli (7,10–15). Igitabo gisozwa n’impanuro ihamya ivugururwa rya Israheli (9,11–15), ariko ako gace gashobora kuba karongeweho nyuma bitinze cyane.
3. Agaciro ka Amosi
Mu nyigisho zose za Amosi hari imwe igera cyane ku mutima w’abakristu b’iki gihe: imihango yose yo gukuza Imana nta cyo yaba imaze niba urukundo n’ubutabera bitubahirizwa ku bakene n’abatishoboye! Ibyo, Amosi yakunze kubigarukaho kenshi: bene iryo yobokamana ni uburyarya butuka Imana. (2.8; 2,14; 4,4–5; 5,21–25 . . . ); nuko Amosi ntahweme kwamagana uburyamirane muri rubanda (2,6–7; 3,10; 4,1; 5,7; 5,11–12; 8,4–6 . . . ).
Kuri iyo ngingo, inyigisho za Amosi zisa n’iziteguriza izo mu Isezerano rishya: «Niba umuntu avuze ati ’Nkunda Imana’, ariko akanga umuvandimwe we, aba ari umubeshyi !» (1 Yh 4,20). Kandi hari n’iri jambo rya Yezu, ati «Ibyo mwagiriye umwe muri abo bavandimwe banjye baciye bugufi, ni jye mwabaga mubigiriye» (Mt 25,40).